Lathe.



No. 668,7l8. v Patented Feb. 26, l90l. W. SELLERS &. ,W. LEWIS.

LATHE.

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NO; 668,7!!! I V PatahtddTh'. 26, I901. W. SELLERS &. W; LEWIS.

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. IN VE N TOR! No. 668,7l8. Patented Feb. 26, I90l.

W. SELLERS 8:. W. LEWIS.

LATHE. (Applicafion filed June 29, 1900.)

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WITNESSES: I Z INVE/VTUI? 5 I A1, HM7 4 A77'0HNEY6' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM SELLERS AND WILFRED LEWIS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENN- SYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS TO WILLIAM SELLERS AND COMPANY, INCORPORATED, OF PENNSYLVANIA.

LATHE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 668,718, dated February 26, 1901.

Application filed June 29, 1900. Serial No. 22,029. \No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that we, WILLIAM SELLERS and WILFRED LEWIS, citizens of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia,and State of Pennsylvania,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Lathes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

Our invention relates more particularly to that class of lathes in which the work is rotat-ed by a dog secured upon it about the middle of its length, so that it may be turned upon both ends at the same time, and is particularly applicable to the turning of axles.

In such axle-lathes as have been heretofore constructed the driver is a gear-wheel with a cylindrical bearing upon one or both sides, upon which it is rotatable in a driving-head firmly secured upon the lathe-bed mid ward of the two dead-centers upon which the work is rotated. About the axis of the driver and within its cylindrical bearing an opening is provided large enough to pass the axle through it when presented to the opening at an angle which will permit the end of the axle to clear the dead-head on the side of the driver at which it is entered. Upon one end of the driver is commonly mounted a Clements driver, which is a ring movable in one direction to either side of the axis of the driver, and on opposite sides of this ring are mounted two posts on a line at right angles to the line of movement of the ring. These posts transmit the strain of the driver to the axle through a double-ended dog secured upon the axle by aset-screw.

The two slide-rests are mounted upon the top of the Iathebed and are guided thereon by Vs or, if the top of the bed is flat, by the edges of the bed on opposite sides of the line of centers. As thus constructed the driver affords no support to the axle, and the driving-dog must be placed on the axle and secured and then removed from it. Each slide must be supported by a cross-bar, which in turn must be supported and guided by a projection upon both sides of it at each end of the cross-bar. The cross-bars and their projections form the two saddles of the lathe,

which in plan are H-shaped. As thus constructed the ends of the saddle will come in contact with the driving-head unless the top of the lathe is made unnecessarily wide, which in turn would require the saddles to be lengthened to obtain guiding-surface.

One object of our invention therefore is to rotate the axle and at the same time support it to resist the lateral strain of the cuttingtool. Another is to avoid the loss of time from the use of grips to rotate the axle, which must be placed upon the axle and removed from it. Another is to guide the saddle from one side ofv the bed only, so as thereby to enable the cutting-tool to operate upon the axle as far as the driver which rotates it, and-another is in place of what is known as a Clements driver to provide a frame movable radially upon the driving-wheel, with grippingdogs within the frame securable to the axle through the frame in the line of its radial movement. The means by which these objects are accomplished are set forth in the following specification and are shown in the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the specification, in which similar letters refer to similar parts.

Figure l is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a plan view showing an axle being placed in lathe. Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view of the driving-head and saddles. Fig. 4 is a section in lines 44, Fig. 1, with portions broken away for clearness. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 5, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the gear-wheel and the clamping-frames that rotate therewith.

A is the bed of the lathe, and B Bthe centerheads movable upon the bed.

0 is the driving-head. This driving-head consists of the following parts:

' O is the casing, formed in two parts secured together by the bolts 0 and the whole casing secured to the bed A bythe bolt 0 at one side and the bolts 0 and c at the other side.

D is a hollow gear-wheel having a neck or flanged portion d at each end thereof. The

necks or flanged portions d rest against and rotate within the casing 0. Within the gear and above the necks or flanges is a springplug d,the spring at one end abutting against a screw-threaded plug 01 and at the other end against the head of the plug (1, forcing the plug d against one side of the casing O and forcing the gear-wheel against the other side of the casing, so as to allow a limited movement of the gear-wheel within the casing and from the adjustable spindle of the centerhead.

On each side of the gear-wheel and set at an angle of ninety degrees from each other are two frames E of C form. These frames rest against the side of the gear-wheel D and are rotated thereby by having projections c e, which enter insets e in the side of the flange or neck of the gear wheel. Each of the frames E is provided with slots f, and passing through these slots are screws or bolts f, which enter the neck of the gear-wheel. By means of the slot-and-screw connection each frame is capable of moving radially upon the gear-wheel neck. The ends of each of these frames E are united by a rotatable pin F. This pin F passes through orifices in the ends of said frames. The pin is held from endwise movement by means of the nut-f. Between the ends of the frame E upon the pin F are the gripping-dogs G and G. These dogs are capable of endwise movement upon the pin F and are clamped thereto by the setscrews g. Upon the pins are the scales g, which may be used to determine the position of the gripping-dogs G and G upon the pin. The outer ends of these dogs G and G have the orifice G through which loosely passes the gripping-plug G In this gripping-plug is the small slot G and by means of a setscrew G passi ng through the outer ends of the dogs and entering in said slot in the plug the plugisheldfrom fallingout. Passing through screw-threaded orifices in the frame E are the strong set-screws H and H", one for each dog. One of the set-screws H in each frame, as shown, may be retained in any adjusted position by the jam-nut H Within the upper portion of each frame E is the spring-pressed plug 10, which presses againsta flattened portion of the head of the pin E to determine the Working position of the dogs.

The gear-wheel D is driven as follows: On the main driving-shaft, driven by the conepulley J, is the gear-wheel I, meshing with the gear-wheel K on the shaft 76, which extends longitudinally beneath the upper side of the bed of the machine. On this shaft 7c is a pinion K, meshing with the gear D.

On the bed A, on one side thereof, is a raised rectangular guide-support L, extending along the bed A. This support L is outside of the center-headsB and B and the driving-head O.

L is the saddle. This saddle is T-shaped, having the cross-bar portion of the T extending along the raised guide-support L, which itincloses on threesides,and is guided thereby in its travel along the bed. The ordinary taper wedge L provides for any wear between the saddle and the guide-support and maintains the fit of the saddle to its guide-s11 pport. On the opposite side of the bed the saddle has a downward projection Z, extending beneath the upper bar m of the bed, and on the under side of this projection Z is mounted the clam pbar Z", extending under thebar m and secured to the projection Zby the clam ping-screws 0 which regulate its pressure upon the under side of the bar 192. Upon the saddle is placed the cross-slide M with tool-post M. Secured to the raised portion of the saddle L by the bolt l is the apron L The saddles L are moved longitudinally by means of the feedshaft N in the ordinary manner, and the crossslide is also operated in the ordinary manner. This method of supporting and guiding the saddle is applicable to other forms of lathes, as it brings the guiding-surface of the saddle very much closer together than the method adopted hitherto and permits a very much shorter and lighter saddle when this is desirable.

With a lathe so constructed in order to enter and center the axle the set-screw H of each frame is loosened and the dogs G and G of each frame are swung into the position shown in Fig. 2. The axle is then entered, as shown in said figure, and turned so that the ends contact with the points of the center-heads. The dogs are then adjusted along the pins, if necessary, swung back, and clamped by the set-screw H and the gear D rotated. By this construction the axles may be readily entered. The desired clamping upon the axle to drive it is accomplished without straining or distorting the axle, as the axleis held from movement, and any strain in clamping is taken up by the capacity of the two frames to move. Further, the'pulling and pushing of the dogs are always in right lines, producing a minimum of strain upon the mechanism. Moreover, the sliding movement of the two frames which carry the dogs being at right angles with each other no sliding movement in either can occur after-the dogs are secured upon the axle when mounted upon its centers, which is thereby sustained in every direction against the strains of the cutting-tools. Any slight wear of the centers is accommodated by the capacity of the gear D to move slightly toward the fixed center when the adjustable one is tightened by turning the hand-wheel B.

The construction of the saddle and guide for said saddle enables the tools to be brought up close to the driving-head. The saddle also is firmly held to resist the thrust of the cutting-tool.

Having now fully described our invention, what we claim, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is-- 1. A gripping-dog rotatable in a plane at right angles to the axis of the lathe-centers adapted to swing about an axis parallel to its plane of rotation, and to grip in the plane of the axis about which it swings.

2. A gripping-dog rotatable in a plane at right angles to the axis of the lathe-centers, movable radially in this plane adapted to swing about an axis parallel to its radial movement, and to grip in the plane of the axis about which it swings.

3. A gripping-dog rotatable in a plane at right angles to the axis of the lathe-centers, movable radially in this plane, adapted to swing about an axis parallel to its radial movement, to grip in the plane of the axis about which it swings, and adjustable longitudinally upon the axis.

4. Two opposing gripping-dogs rotatable in a plane at right angles to the axis of the lathecenters and movable radially in this plane, each provided with a plug compressible upon the shaft to be gripped in the line of the radial movement of the dogs.

5. A driving-head which supports a rotatable driver midward of the two centers of a lathe, a frame secured upon one end of the driver and adapted to move freely radially thereon,a rotatable pin which unites two ends of the frame and carries two gripping-dogs,

each provided with a plug compressible upon the shaft to be gripped, and means for compressing the same.

6. A driving-head which supports a rotatable driver midward of the centers of a lathe, a frame adapted to move radially upon each end of the rotatable driver, grippers in each frame and means for compressing the grippers upon the shaft.

'7. A driving-head which supports a rotatable driver midward of the centers of a lathe, a frame secured upon and adapted to move radially upon each end of the rotatable driver at right angles to each other, and grippers in each frame adapted to seize the shaft at right angles to each other.

8. A driving-head midward of the two centers of a lathe, a rotatable driver which may be moved longitudinally within the drivinghead against a pressure which tends to hold it at one side of the driving-head.

9. A lathe-bed, a saddle movable longitudinally upon the upper surface thereof, a cross- WM. SELLERS. WILFRED LE WIS.

Witnesses:

M. F. ELLIS, J. M. SHINDLER, Jr. 

